Explore the complex, multifactorial nature of neurodiversity, focusing on ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and the emerging role of dietary patterns and key nutrients in supporting brain function and managing symptoms. It reviews the pathophysiology of these conditions, common pharmacological treatments, and highlights the crucial need for multidisciplinary, individualized nutrition intervention to address dietary challenges, micronutrient deficiencies, and drug-nutrient interactions.